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C14 and calibration resources
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There are some interesting websites to learn about radiocarbon calibration and
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related topics. Some of them have been useful during the development of this
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software.
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Other software
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- OxCal_ is developed by the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit: it's
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by far the most used calibration program
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- CALIB_ is a radiocarbon calibration program. A command-line Linux
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version is available (non-free software, but works well)
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- BCal_ is an on-line Bayesian radiocarbon calibration tool hosted by
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the Department of Probability and Statistics at the University of
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Sheffield
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- ChronoModel_ is an open source tool developed at CNRS for
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constructing chronologies in archaeology in combining Events, Phases
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and temporal constraints
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- the rcarbon_ open source library for R enables calibration and
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analysis of radiocarbon dates and includes functions not only for
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basic calibration, uncalibration, and plotting of one or more dates,
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but also a statistical framework for building demographic and
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related longitudinal inferences from aggregate radiocarbon date
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lists
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.. _OxCal: http://c14.arch.ox.ac.uk/oxcal.html
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.. _CALIB: http://calib.qub.ac.uk/calib/
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.. _BCal: http://bcal.shef.ac.uk/
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.. _ChronoModel: https://chronomodel.com/
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.. _rcarbon: https://github.com/ahb108/rcarbon
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Reference websites
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- `Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit`_ contains a detailed explanation of how
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to use C14 datings and how calibration_ works
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- Radiocarbon_ is the main international journal of record for research
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articles and date lists relevant to 14C and other radioisotopes and
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techniques used in archaeological, geophysical, oceanographic, and related
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dating techniques
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- `radiocarbon WEB-info`_ provides online information concerning the
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radiocarbon dating method
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.. _`Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit`: http://c14.arch.ox.ac.uk/
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.. _calibration: http://c14.arch.ox.ac.uk/calibration.html
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.. _Radiocarbon: http://radiocarbon.org/
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.. _`radiocarbon WEB-info`: http://www.c14dating.com/
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Calibration curves
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Calibration curves are released in the public domain and can be
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downloaded in their native format, a slightly customised CSV, from the
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IntCal_ website.
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.. _IntCal: http://intcal.org/
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Please note that IOSACal already includes the calibration curves listed below:
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- *IntCal20*
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- *Marine20*
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- *ShCal20*
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- *IntCal13*
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- *Marine13*
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- *ShCal13*
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- *IntCal09*
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- *Marine09*
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- *IntCal04*
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- *Marine04*
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- *ShCal04*
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- *IntCal98*
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- *Marine98*
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IntCal20 and the associated Marine20 and ShCal20 curves are the latest
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calibration curves. Older calibration curves are useful to reproduce
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calibration results found in published literature.
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This is a short list of the published literature for the IntCal
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calibration data:
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- Heaton, T. J. et al. (2020) ‘MARINE20—THE MARINE RADIOCARBON AGE CALIBRATION CURVE (0–55,000 CAL BP)’, Radiocarbon, pp. 1–42. doi: 10.1017/RDC.2020.68.
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- Hogg, A. G. et al. (2013) ‘SHCal13 Southern Hemisphere Calibration, 0–50,000 Years cal BP’, Radiocarbon, 55(4), pp. 1889–1903.
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- Hogg, A. G. et al. (2020) ‘SHCal20 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE CALIBRATION, 0–55,000 YEARS CAL BP’, Radiocarbon, pp. 1–20. doi: 10.1017/RDC.2020.59.
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- Hughen, K. A. et al. (2004) ‘Marine04 marine radiocarbon age calibration, 0-26 cal kyr BP.’, Radiocarbon, 46(3), pp. 1059–1086.
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- McCormac, F. G. et al. (2004) ‘SHCal04 Southern Hemisphere calibration, 0-11.0 cal kyr BP.’, Radiocarbon, 46(3), pp. 1087–1092.
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- Reimer, P. J. et al. (2004) ‘IntCal04 terrestrial radiocarbon age calibration, 0-26 cal kyr BP.’, Radiocarbon, 46(3), pp. 1029–1058.
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- Reimer, P. J. et al. (2009) ‘IntCal09 and Marine09 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves, 0-50,000 Years cal BP’, Radiocarbon, 51(4), pp. 1111–1150.
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- Reimer, P. J. et al. (2013) ‘IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0–50,000 Years cal BP’, Radiocarbon, 55(4), pp. 1869–1887.
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- Reimer, P. J. et al. (2020) ‘THE INTCAL20 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE RADIOCARBON AGE CALIBRATION CURVE (0–55 CAL kBP)’, Radiocarbon, pp. 1–33. doi: 10.1017/RDC.2020.41.
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Radiocarbon databases
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There are a few databases of radiocarbon dates that are available as
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**open data**, and can be easily downloaded as CSV files for further processing.
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- `EUROEVOL <http://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.40/>`_
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- `Mediterranean radiocarbon dates <http://crowdsourced.micropasts.org/project/MedRadiocarbon/>`_
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Both databases are useful to experiment with many dates and apart from
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their specific research aims and spatio-temporal coordinates, they are
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incredibly useful as a learning resource.
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Many more datasets are available through the c14bazAAR_ package for R.
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.. _c14bazAAR: https://docs.ropensci.org/c14bazAAR/
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Other databases are usually released under restrictive license terms
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or unavailable to the public.
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